Jumat, 24 Agustus 2012

Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Research Shows That Your Child Could Be at Risk

by kqedquest Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Is your child at risk?This encompasses the five types of neurodevelopmental disorders that include A

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anxiety disorder clinic is housed within the psychological research ...

by kqedquest

Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Is your child at risk?

This encompasses the five types of neurodevelopmental disorders that include Autistic Disorder, also known as Kanner's Autism, Asperger's Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Syndrome, Rett Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder not Otherwise Specified.

The disorders are all related though they are all slightly different in their disabling effects and potential outcomes. They are more widespread; more children suffer with them, than the commonly known childhood disorders of Down syndrome or Spinal Bifida. A recent American study discovered that there are 3.4 children with autism spectrum disorder for every one thousand children aged three to ten years old. Children who suffer from this group of disorders all have difficulties with social interplay, spoken and unspoken communication, imaginative play and repetitive behaviors.

Depending on which autism spectrum disorder is being discussed the symptoms may begin as early as six months, but can begin as late as three to four years. Whichever of the five disorders the child develops they share many of the same difficulties to one degree or another with Asperger's usually being the mildest form. Still these children will all have difficulties with social interplay. They will not be cuddly like other children and even if they were as babies, they will begin to pull away from their parents and siblings, preferring the company of a single toy to that of their family. They will have a problem making eye contact. Almost as if looking onto your eyes they see things that make them uncomfortable. You may find that when you hug them they allow the hug but do not respond. There may be concerns that the child has not attached normally to their family.

Language is a problem for autistic children. In some cases, like Childhood Disintegrative Syndrome, the child loses their language skills at three to four years of age. While in autism itself the child may never learn to speak, or if they do, they have great difficulties in maintaining a conversation.

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Commonly question about Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Research Shows That Your Child Could Be at Risk

Question :

Is this the true cause for problems in computerization projects ?

Histrionic Personality Disorder Melissa Arthur LCSW MA
Basics A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by earlyadulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following:is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attentioninteraction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive orprovocative behaviordisplays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotionsconsistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to selfhas a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detailshows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotionis suggestible, i.e., easily influenced by others or circumstancesconsiders relationships to be more intimate than they actually areResearchers have found that HPD appears primarily in men and women with above-averagephysical appearances. Some research has suggested that the connection between HPD andphysical appearance holds for women rather than for men. Both women and men with HPDexpress a strong need to be the center of attention. Individuals with HPD exaggerate, throwtemper tantrums, and cry if they are not the center of attention. Patients with HPD are naive,gullible, have a low frustration threshold, and strongdependency needs.DescriptionA condition with onset at or before adolescence characterized by persistent patterns ofdysfunctional behavior (excessive emotionality & attention seeking) deviating from one sculture and social environment that lead to functional impairment and distress to theindividual and those who have regular interaction with the individual.Behaviors are perceived by the patient to be "normal" and "right" and they have littleinsight as to their responsibility for these behaviors.Condition is classified based on the predominant symptoms and their severity.Cluster B Personality Disorder (inclusive of antisocial, borderline, histrionic andnarcissistic personality disorders) characterized by a pervasive pattern of excessiveemotionality and attention seeking, present in a variety of contexts (5 or more symptompatterns to diagnose) (1C):oShows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expressions of emotionoIs suggestible, i.e., easily influenced by others or circumstancesoUncomfortable when not center of attentionoInteraction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductivebehavior
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oRapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotionoDraws attention through physical appearanceoHas a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacks detailConsiders relationships more intimate than they are (1C)oIncidenceStarts in adolescence and early twenties and persists throughout one s life in the absenceof treatment.(1C)Prevalence2-3% general population(1C)Tends to be identified more frequently in females(1C)Risk FactorsGeneticsMajor character traits may be inheritedOther character traits due to a combination of genetics and environment includingadverse childhood experiencesHigh-risk populationsIndividuals who have experienced pervasive trauma during childhood have been shown to be at agreater risk for developing HPD as well as for developing other personality disorders.Cross-cultural issuesHPD may be diagnosed more frequently in Hispanic and Latin-American cultures and lessfrequently in Asian cultures. Further research is needed on the effects of culture upon thesymptoms of HPD.EtiologyEnvironmental and genetic factors including adverse childhood experiences including lack ofparental attention.CausesThere is a lack of research on the causes of HPD. Even though the causes for the disorder are notdefinitively known, it is thought that HPD may be caused by biological, developmental,cognitive, and social factors.NEUROCHEMICAL/PHYSIOLOGICAL CAUSES. Studies show that patients with HPD havehighly responsive noradrenergic systems, the mechanisms surrounding the release of a
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neurotransmitter called norepinephrine. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that communicateimpulses from one nerve cell to another in the brain, and these impulses dictate behavior. Thetendency towards an excessively emotional reaction to rejection, common among patients withHPD, may be attributed to a malfunction in a group of neurotransmitters called catecholamines.(Norepinephrine belongs to this group of neurotransmitters.)DEVELOPMENTAL CAUSES. Psychoanalytic theory, developed by Freud, outlines a series ofpsychosexual stages of development through which each individual passes. These stagesdetermine an individual s later psychological development as an adult. Early psychoanalystsproposed that the genital phase, Freud s fifth or last stage of psychosexual development, is adeterminant of HPD.
Answer :
Perhaps, depending on your opinion :)

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